自考英语一（00012）2013年10月真题试卷及答案

The Myth about the BrainThe brain is one of the most amazing (amaze) organs in the human body. It controls our 41 (center) nervous system, 42 (keep) us walking, talking, breathing and thinking. It is also the 43 (much) complicated organ. Several 44 (differ) fields of medicine and science are devoted to the study of it. One 45 (deal) with physical disorders of the brain. Another studies human behavior and mental processes.These fields of study have 46 (exist) in some form since ancient times, so you'd think that by now we'd know all about the brain. Nothing could be further from the 47 (true). After thousands of years of 48 (study) it. there are still many 49 (area) about the brain that remain unknown. And because the brain is so complicated, we tend to 50 (simple) information about how it works in order to make it more understandable.

CryingCrying does not seem strange to us. We do it often enough ourselves and 31__ someone else doing it 32____every day. According to one 33___ of more than 300 men and women in the 1980s, women cry five times a month or so and men about 34--__ every four weeks. And the first thing a baby does when it enters the world is to cry 35____to let everyone know it has arrived It is not the crying itself that makes our crying 36_____ ; it is the 37__ that go along with it. Animals may cry too, but none has tears of emotion. The job of their tears is to bathe and 38__ the eyes. But in our case, at some point long ago, our ancestors developed a 39___ connection between the body organ that 40____ tears and the parts of the brain that feel, sense and express deep emotion.

A.unusual

B.loudly

C.produces

D.nearly

E. study

F. close

G. see

H. combines

I. water

J. tears

K. once

L. clean

假设你昨天去参加了植树活动( tree planting),请给你的英国朋友Tom写一封英文电子邮件,与他分享此次活动的情况和你的感受。内容包括：

l 你决定参加这次活动的原因

l 简要描述活动的过程

l 你参加这次活动后的感受

请以Li Ke署名。

______

_____

_____

Water in the WorldWhen people think of important resources, they think of oil, gas and coal. 26___ Many people in water-rich regions think that water can never be used up because the rain keeps falling.There are around 7 billion people on Earth. 27 ____ Less than a century ago, there were just 1 billion humans. There are more of us being born and most of us are living longer. We are using up far more of the world's resources at a faster rate than ever before.Water is the key to all life on Earth. 28__ The UN has stated that each person needs around 135 liters of water a day for a good quality of life. At the moment, the average amount of water we use is far larger in much of the world.If how we use water is not managed well enough, we could face increasing shortages in the future. This will lead to terrible conflict (冲突) over scarce water resources. 29__There needs to be greater cooperation between the water-rich countries and the water-poor countries. 30__ If water is managed as a global resource and a basic human right, not as something for profits, then the supply can be managed well.

A.Without water, none of us would be here.

B.Water-rich regions may supply the extra water to water-poor regions.C.What they don't consider is our most important resource, water.

D.There are two types of water: salt water and fresh water.

E. This number is increasing by tens of millions every year.

F. If we can make better use of water, there should be enough water for everyone.

_____

Dogs are unable to .

When seeing a wrong equation, dogs may .

Like human teenagers, dogs also .

Arithmetic tests for dogs are based on those .

Task 2

Words learnt by dogs include .

A dog's ability in language equals that of .

paragraph④:

Paragraph②:

paragraph③:

Why did the writer become annoyed ?

A store assistant came up to the writer to .

Dogs’ Intelligence

①　The dog IQ test results show that even the average dog has the mental abilities of a 2-year-old chid The finding is based on a language development test. It shows that, like a 2-year-old child, average dogs can learn 165 words, including signals and gestures. And dogs in the top 20% in intelligence can learn 250 words.

②　While dogs ranked with the 2-year-olds in language, they would do better than a 3-or 4-year-old in basic arithmetic In terms of social smarts(智慧), dogs may do even better. The social life of dogs is much more complicated, much more like that of human teenagers at that stage. They are interested in who is moving up in the group and who is having a relationship with whom", said Coren, an expert on dogs.

③　To get inside the brain of mans best friend, scientists are modifying tests for dogs that were firstly developed for children. In an arithmetic test, dogs watch as one treat and then another treat are being placed behind a screen. When the screen gets lifted, the dogs will expect to see two treats. But suppose the scientist takes away one of the treats, or adds another, so the end result is one, or three treats. "Now we're giving him the wrong equation(等式) which is one plus one equals one or three", Coren said Sure enough, studies show that the dogs get it."The dog acts surprised and stares at it for a longer period of time, just like a human kid would " ,he said.

④　Like small kids, dogs also show some basic emotions, such as happiness and anger. But more complicated emotions, such as guilt(负罪感), are not something dogs can feel. And what humans once thought was guilt of a dog was found to be fear.

Task 1

Paragraph①:

The word"detected"(Line 3, Para 3) is closest in meaning to .

When the writer and his wife reached the check-out counter, .

Losing the Race to Keep up with TechnologyI consider myself very good at using technology such as computers. At least I used to! However, shopping with my wife the other day clearly showed that this was not true.My wife and I walked around the store and I picked out a case of beer. As we walked toward the check-out counter, I noticed there were few people standing there.The check-out counter was brand new and there was a keyboard in the front that looked like an ATM(自动取款机) machine. When I placed my shopping cart (购物车) near the machine, it detected my presence and spoke to me in the voice of a very nice woman. "Please slide your card on the front glass", it said.OK, I thought, I can do this. I am sure I can figure out an automatic(自动的) cashier machine. My wife thought we should find somebody to help us through this new process. " Relax", I said, "I'll have us out of here in a couple of seconds". Then I took out my card and slid it down the card-slider on the side of the machine. A couple of seconds later the machine asked me to slide my card on the front glass again. I tried again, but failed.After a couple of seconds wait, the cashier machine told me I needed help. I was annoyed By this time a store assistant had noticed that I was having trouble and came over to help. She took the card from my hand and placed it on the glass beside the slider that I had been using. The machine then thanked me even though it knew it was not me who had slid the card over the glass. I knew then that I was beaten.

The writer's shopping experience showed that he was .

Experts encourage boys and girls to compete together.

If a boy loses to a girl, he may feel ashamed.

Girls playing on boys' teams is a benefit to girls'teams.

It is proved that girls are more easily injured in sports.

In 2011, Cassy won the champion at the Iowa State Wrestling Championships.

Joel Northrup knew he couldn't win Cassy.

Cassy has won more than ten wrestling matches against boys.

It is impossible for girls to become leaders on boys'teams.

Girls Playing on Boys'Sports TeamsIn the US today, more than 100,000 girls play sports once considered to be "boys only". Girl players have chances to play almost any sport they want, thanks to laws that require leagues to welcome girls. Some of these girls have become leaders on boys' teams.In some cases, however, girls playing on boys' teams have caused argument, especially in contact sports, such as baseball, football and wrestling(摔跤). Cassy Herkelman, 15, wrestles for her high school team in Cedar Falls, Ioa Lean, quick and strong, Cassy has won dozens of matches against boys. But in 2011, at the Iowa State Wrestling Championships, one of her rivals, Joel Northrup, refused to wrestle her. " Wrestling is a contact sport ", he said later. "I do not believe that it is suitable for a boy to compete against a girl in this manner".Joel's decision to give up the match was unusual. Most boys who play with girls say they quickly forget that they are competing with or against a girl. Though girls tend to be smaller and less strong than boys, there is no evidence that they are more likely to suffer injury.Still, some people insist that girls should stay on their own teams. They say allowing girls to take part in boys'sports could hurt girls' teams by drawing away some of the top players. Besides, it isn't fair to boys, who must risk the shame of losing to a girl.In fact, many experts believe that there should be more chances for boys and girls to compete together and against each other. In school and at work later in life, they must learn to work together and to respect each other's different skills and strengths.

In the US today, there are few girls playing on boys' teams.

Laws were made in the US that require leagues to accept girls on their teams.