语言与文化自考2016年10月真题及答案解析

白马王子

Define a proverb and illustrate how proverbs are related to culture by referring to the following sentences.(1) A small leak will sink a great ship.(2) 蝼蚁之穴能溃千里之堤。

Explain the statement that English is a hypotactic language while Chinese is a paratactic one at the sentential level and the textual level.

骄傲是失败的前导。

红茶

pay a visit (translate it into Chinese honourifics)

John hit the pickpocket on the head.

Request the honour of your presence.

What are the language features of advertisement English?

If a schoolboy bites his nails when alone in his bedroom, the behaviour may be interpreted as a habitual one. However, if he does that during an examination, it might be interpreted as an indicator of his nervousness about the examination. What feature of nonverbal communication does this example show?

Which of the following English interjections are used to express surprise in English culture?

Ah, Aha, Well, Bravo, Dear me, Ouch

Body language refers to such meaning_______devices as facial expressions and eye behaviours, gestures, and postures.

What does culture refer lo in its broad sense?

The regional________of English came into being as the results of Britain’s maritime expansion that began in the Elizabethan age.

In English blue is usually associated with_______feelings, as in “It was blue Monday and he didn’t feel like going back to work”.

What one cannot say without offending others is called_______taboos.

If the sentences in a text are linked by meaning alone, they exhibit_______.

That “accountant Smith”， “teacher Jones”，etc. are not accepted as appropriate forms of address in English shows that terms of_______are seldom used in vocatives.

“A Trojan horse” and “Waterloo” are allusions from_______.

1) Shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world.2) 上海是世界上最大的城市之一。The above two sentences show there are differences in______between themalthough English and Chinese are both SVO languages.

The word for a male cat in English is______.

The interaction between language, thought and culture has been investigated in several subjects among which_______communication is, perhaps, the best known one.

Text, referring to any piece of spoken or written language, can be as short as one word like “______”.

Nonverbal communication can be defined as_______.

American English differs from British English mainly in________.

The same tenors may be associated with the same vehicles in both English and Chinese to express similar meanings, as is seen in “______”.

The following idioms are in relation to life philosophy EXCEPT_______.

Euphemisms of “die” can be found in “______”.

Which of the following personal names are very popular in Chinese, but NOT in English?

We say that English is more grammatically explicit than Chinese because in English there are more_______.

In England ______is celebrated as a holiday.

English speakers prefer to have prolonged eye contact while convening, whereas in Chinese culture, people have eye contact less frequently and intensely. This fact shows_______.

Most linguists agree that language is______.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

The following words are pronounced the same in American and British English EXCEPT_______.

A boy told his mother in a whimpering voice that it was not he who broke the vase, but didn’t dare to look at his mother in her eyes. In this example, the nonverbal message______the verbal one.

—Is Jenny coming to the party?

—Yes, she is.

Judging from the way the sentences are connected, we can say that the above testexhibits ________.

Choose one connective to put into the blank to show additive relation between the following sentences: For the whole day he climbed up the steep mountainside, almost without stopping. ______ in all this time he met no one.

Nowadays in the United States, the black people are referred to as ______.

People use______when speaking to or about a social superior.

The following sentences are metaphorical expressions about ideas. “______”shows that ideas are food.

In which of the following expressions, the red colour is associated with certain emotions in English culture?

Which of the following is a proverb related to Christianity?

The phrasal verb “look up to”means “_______”.

Which of the following is against the general rule of introduction in English culture?

We say that Chinese favours_______sentence patters because in it many sentences are like a flowing river without tributaries.

Among the following names, _______are inherited and more distinctive.

English is often said to be a______language because it uses more conjunctions to link components in sentences.

In the United Slates the fourth Thursday in November is_______.

The word in American English for “biscuit” is______in British English.

Language is______, which means speech is primary while writing is secondary.

When talking about the relationship between language and thinking, Sapir and Whorf went so far as to state that language______thought.