语言与文化自考2014年04月真题及答案解析

Why do some Chinese learners of English speak English as if they were reading aloud a book?What can they do to avoid it?

天网恢恢，疏而不漏。

请稍候。我看一下他在不在。(电话用语)

How do you define proverbs? And how are proverbs related to culture?

趁热打铁。

plain as the nose on one’s face

pay a New Year call

What brings you here? (用敬语翻译)

Why do imperative and interrogative sentences appear frequently in English advertising?

What does psychological time orientation refer to?

What is thought?

What does the word “privacy” mean in English and traditional Chinese cultures?

Gestures that are closely linked with language and that help to illustrate the spoken words are ______.

A warning sign which says “DANGER!” is a ______ because it expresses a complete meaning.

“Theatre” in British English is spelled as ______ in American English.

The idiomatic expression for “somebody whose importance and influence are great only in a restricted situation or small community” is “a ______ in a small pond”.

A simile is a ______ comparison between two or more unlike things, normally introduced by “like” or “as”.

Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary defines ______ as a class of grammatical forms used in speaking to or about a social superior.

Terms of family relations like “mother”, “father”, “aunt”, “uncle”, etc. can be used as vocatives and are called ______ appellatives.

In speech words are sequences of speech ______ between pauses, for instance, the utterance /a? la?k ?t/ contains three words.

a) History is made by the people.

b) You are cordially invited to a party to be given at the Club at 6:30 p.m. January

1.The above two examples indicate that in the passive structure in English the prepositional phrase“by+the agent” is ______.

Key questions, the thematic model and ______ are three models for the analysis of culture.

American English differs from British English mainly in ______.

Many cultures allow people to interact at a much closer distance and are therefore referred to as contact cultures, which include______.

If the sentences in a text exhibit cohesion, they are connected by ______ means.

In which of the following situations does a Chinese use honourifics to show respect to a superior?

According to Lakoff, an American linguist, similes and metaphors are ways of thinking. They are used in______.

In English ______ are flower names.

Which of the following idioms are in relation to mannerisms?

Which of the following statements are the interpretation of culture in its narrow sense?

In the English sentence “We are students”, all the three words are in plural forms, demonstrating grammatical ______ of the English language as regards the number, a grammatical category.

Which of the following can be brought together under the heading associative meaning?

In legal documents learned words are used frequently. A great many of them are from ______.

Which of the following can be classified into the secondary territory, which is usually not central to the daily activities of the owner and not under their exclusive control?

In English culture, what does it mean if a girl smiles to a male stranger whencoming across him in a university campus?

“Up you go, chaps!” The speaking style of the above sentence is______.

Chinese advertising as a whole is more ______ than English advertising.

To sound modest and humble, one might have to use ______ to refer to oneself, one’s relatives, and one’s personal belongings.

If Professor John Smith allows himself to be called John, ______.

Hypotactic relations at the sentential level refer to constructions whose components are linked through the use of ______.

A captivating man known as a great lover or seducer of women is often referred to as_______.

“You chicken!”he cried, looking at Tom with contempt. In this sentence, “chicken” is used metaphorically to refer to ______.

Which of the following statements metaphorically tells us that life is a gamblinggame?

______are popular among female English speakers.

In English ______ are more distinctive than given names.

The phrasal verb “look forward to” means” “ ______”.

Which of the following is NOT an inflectional morpheme?

a) What’s the majority’s opinion? 大多数人的意见怎样?b)Where’s today’s newspaper? 今天的报纸在哪里?The above two examples indicate that ______.

Both “pretty” and “handsome” can mean nice looking, but “pretty” is often used together with “girl”, “woman”, “garden” etc., while “handsome” frequently appears together with “boy”, “man”, “car” etc., because these are the ______ of these two terms.

______ is the basic meaning presented by meaningful linguistic units, including words and is often, though not always, the central factor in linguistic communication.

Such questions as “How do you think and feel about your family?”, “How do you treat a guest?” and “What is your greatest ambition?” highlight the ______ aspects of culture.

Which of the following is NOT one of the important properties of language?