英语词汇学2014年4月真题试题及答案解析（00832）

Take “a laconic answer is a short answer” as an example to illustrate etymological motivation.

Comment on the following groups of words in terms of types of antonyms: contradictory terms, contrary terms, relative terms.“dead—alive”, “young—old”, “employer—employee”

In which aspects do compounds differ from free phrases?

What is the difference between superordinates and subordinates? Explain it with the given words “flower, elephant, tiger, rose, tulip, animal”.

Guess the meaning of the underlined word and tell what context clue is used.He was in a mood of complete euphoria, his happiness being the result of an announcement that he had won the sweepstakes.

Explain the logical relationships of the following terms:free morphemes, affix, morphemes, bound root, bound morphemes

linguistic context

phrasal verbs

creation (as one of the modes of vocabulary development)

hyponomy

conversion

Bilingual dictionaries are written in ______ languages.

The idiom “by twos and threes” cannot be turned into “by threes and twos”. It shows that unlike free phrases, the structure of an idiom is to a large extent ______.

The context clue used in the sentence “Many United Nations’ employe.es are polyglots. Ms. Mary, for example, speaks five languages” is ______.

From the ______ point of view, polysemy is viewed as the coexistence of various meanings of the same word in a certain historical period of time.

The process by which a word of wide meaning acquires a specialized sense is called ______ of meaning.

“Exam” is the shortened form of “examination” by back clipping. Then “quake” is used to mean “earthquake” by ______ clipping.

A ______ is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity.

Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its ______.

A word is a ______ free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.

In Old English period, the introduction of Christianity had a great impact on the English vocabulary. It brought many new ideas and customs, and also many ______ terms such as “candle, altar, amen”.

Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary (1987) has some unique features such as definition, extra column and ______.

Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 3rd Edition (1980), is among the best-known British ______ dictionaries.

Generally, a dictionary covers the following contents EXCEPT ______.

Idioms nominal in nature have a(n) ______ as the key word in each and function as a noun in sentences.

Lexical manipulation is one aspect of the rhetorical features of idioms. The following EXCEPT ______ belong to lexical manipulation.

Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of idioms?

In grammatical context, the meaning of a word may be influenced by the ______in which it occurs.

There is an ambiguity in the sentence “He is a hard businessman” due to ______.

Which of the following is NOT one of the context clues?

The word “minister” originally meant“a servant”, but now has changed to“a head of a ministry”. This process of meaning change is called ______.

Which of the following is NOT one of the extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in meaning?

“Apple, pear, peach, orange, lemon, etc.” make up the ______ of “fruit”.

The differences between synonyms exist in the following areas EXCEPT ______.

______ of meaning is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become generalized.

When a reader comes across the word “home” in his reading, the word may remind him of his “family, friends, warmth,safety, etc. ” In this sense, the word “home” conveys ______.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Words that are identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning are called ______.

Which of the following is partially converted?

One can figure out the meaning of “airmail” to be “mail by air” by its ______.

Among the following words, “______ ” contains a negative prefix.

From the viewpoint of word formation, the word “smog” is a ______.

Which of the following words does NOT have suffixes?

Among the following words, “______” does NOT have inflectional affixes.

Modern English vocabulary develops through the following channels EXCEPT ______.

How many monomorphemic words are there in the following words?cats boss work improper tried

Aliens are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling. Which of the following words comes from Chinese?

Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of new words in the present-day English vocabulary?

The Indo-European language family is made up of the languages of the following EXCEPT ______.

“Woman” becomes “Frau” in German, “femme” in French and “fùnǔ” in Chinese. This example shows that in different languages the same concept can be represented by different ______.

The following words of the basic word stock denote the most common things and phenomena of the world around us EXCEPT ______.