英语词汇学2009年7月真题试题及答案解析（00832）

Analyze and comment on the fundamental difference between the processes of radiation and concatenation with the words neck and treacle.

How do you account for the semantic change in the living languages?

What are contextual clues? Find out the meanings of the words in bold type and tell what contextual clues have helped you in arriving at the meanings.

A、 Do you know the architect? He designed St. Paul's Cathedral.

B、 The book was only published posthumously, for the author had been dead for three years already.

C、 It is undesirable to write with too many parentheses, a pair of brackets round word or phrases.

Analyze and comment on the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the extra-linguistic factors, each with example word(s) given below.pen, atom churl copperhead

Why, in modern English, were word endings mostly lost with just a few exceptions?

desk dictionaries

What are the differences between inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?

synchronic approach

onomatopoeic

clipping

Encyclopedic dictionaries have the characteristics of both ______ dictionaries and encyclopedia.

word

Indeed, it often happens that a word is retained for a name though the meaning has changed because the ______ has changed.

The sentence “I lost Betty's picture.” is ambiguous due to ______.

Based on the criterion of ______ functions, idioms may be classified into five groups.

Prefixes only modify the ______ of the stem.

Lexical ______ of a word has two components: conceptual meaning and associative meaning.

In dictionaries, a ______ has its meanings all listed under one headword whereas homonyms are listed as separate entries.

Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: creation, semantic change and ______.

______ morphemes are chiefly found in derived words.

watch/teach

brain trust

According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.

cut and dried

without/behind

fish/herring

employer/employee

sow v. to scatter seeds/sow n. female adult pig

recollection/idealistic

call it a day

B

A、 contradictory term of antonym

B、 superordinate/subordinate

C、 homograph

D、 idiom nominal in nature

E、 notional words

F、relative term of antonym

G、 bound morphemes

H、free morphemes

I、 idiom verbal in nature

J、idiom adjectival in nature

A

rich/well-to-do/poor

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDCE) was noted for the following aspects EXCEPT ______.

Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into ______ and encyclopedic dictionaries.

Oxford Dictionary of Current Idiomatic English is a(n) ______ dictionary.

Which of the following is NOT one of the stylistic features of idioms?

The change of idiom “the last straw” from the original form is ______.

“Chop and change” is an idiom ______ in nature.

Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is called ______ or non-linguistic context.

In the sentence “Many United Nations employees are polyglots. Mr. Mary, for example, speaks five languages.”, the word “polyglot” is explained by ______ clue.

Based on ______ context, we can determine the meaning of “do the flowers”.

As far as transfer is concerned, the phrase “loud colours” falls into the category of transfer ______.

In the sentence “She said with an embarrassed laugh.”, the word “embarrassed” can be classified into ______ sense of transfer.

Complete synonyms are identical both in grammatical meaning and lexical meaning, including ______ and associative meanings.

Narrowing of meaning, also called ______, is the opposite of widening meaning.

Based on the degree of ______, homonyms fall into three classes: perfect homonyms, homographs and homophones.

The word ______ is an illustrative example of concatenation.

“Tables, men, potatoes” have the same ______ meaning, for they have the same plural meaning.

Stylistic features of words include the following EXCEPT ______.

From the sentences “Hand in your papers.” and “She papered the room green.”, we can see such a means of word formation as ______.

“Pen” and “sword” in the sentence “The pen is mightier than the sword.” are ______ motivated words.

The word “beg” comes from the word “beggar”. Such a way of creating a new word is called ______.

The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.

The suffix “-tion” is a ______ suffix.

There are ______ free morphemic words in the following words: bird, man, red, turn.

The plural morpheme “-s” is pronounced as/s/in the following words EXCEPT ______.

If we say that Old English was a language of full endings, Middle English was one of ______ endings.

In the sentence “It is fun to play with children.”, there are ______ content words.

Reviving archaic words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, the Americans use “sick” for ______ in British English.

Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT ______.

Which of the following words does NOT belong to jargon?

Words may fall into native words and borrowed words by ______.