自考专业英语（英语阅读一）模拟试卷五

(63)Enthusiasm about a job or project usually translates into positive energy.That is, if you are excited about a project, you will be anxious to get started and get results. (64)The mere fact oflooking forward to your work will help make you more productive and effective.(65)You will plan more effectively and pay careful attention to detail.You will carry out your plan more carefully and aim for the best results possible. Another important point is that passionate people are usually those that are thrust into positions of leadership. must have zest if people are to follow him and achieve the corporate mission. A leader must inspire his troops. To inspire them, he needs to exude enthusiasm. In leaders, this translates into charisma. (66)Being fervent about your work shows a willingness to do more and learn more.(67)This will definitely help you stand out from the crowd and get top management's attention.

Passage 4

 If you are looking for an explanation of why we don't get tough with criminals, you need only look at the numbers. Each year almost a third of the households in America are victims of violence or theft. This amounts to more than 41 million crimes, many more than we are able to punish. There are also too many criminals. We don't have room for any more!

 The painful fact is that the more crime there is, the less we are able to punish it. We think that punishment prevents crime, but it just might be the other way around. When there is so much crime it is simply impossible to deal with it or punish it. This is the situation we find ourselves in today: the gradual increase in the criminal population has made it more difficult to get into prison. Some of the most exclusive prisons now require about five serious crimes before a criminal is accepted.

 These features show that it makes little sense to blame the police or judges for being soft on criminals. There is not much else they can do. The police can't find most criminals and those they do find are difficult and costly to convict. Those convicted can't all be sent to prison. The public demands that we do everything we can against crime. The practical reality is that there is very little the police, courts or prisons can do about the crime problem.

 We could, of course, get tough with the people we already have in prison and keep them locked up for longer periods of time. Yet when measured against the lower crime rates this would probably produce, longer prison sentences are not worth the cost to states and local governments. Besides, those states that have tried to gain voters' approval for building new prisons often discover that the public is unwilling to pay for prison constructions And if it were willing to pay, long prison sentences may not be effective in reducing crime.

 More time spent in prison is also more expensive The best estimates are that it costs an average of $13,000 to keep a person in prison for one year. If we had a place to keep the 124,000 released prisoners, it would have cost us $1. 6 billion to prevent 15,000 crimes. This works out to more than $100,000 per crime prevented. But there is more. With the average cost of prison construction running around $50,000 per bed, it would cost more than $6 billion to build the necessary cells. The first-year operating cost would be $150,000 per crime prevented, worth it if the victim were you or me, but much too expensive to be feasible as a national policy.

 Faced with the reality of the numbers, I will not be so foolish as to suggest a solution to the crime problem. My contribution to the public debate begins and ends with this simple observation: getting tough with criminals is not the answer.

According to the author, why is it that getting tough with criminals cannot reduce crime rates?

What reasons does the writer give to support his argument against keeping criminals longer in prison?

(permit) Having received( ) from her brothers, she set out for that place as quickly as possible.

Demand hide move courage please arise

Strong cost gift imagine raise price

 Annie was born in a poor family, on April 4th,1866. Her mother died when she was eight years old. Two years later, her father disappeared never to be heard from again. Annie and her brother were sent to children's home. There the boy died.

 Four years later, she left the children's home and entered an institution for the blind, where she learnt Braille. This is a kind of printing that blind people can read by touching groups of(51)( ) points that are printed on paper. Later, an operation helped her to get back part of her sight, but she remained at the institution for six years more. There she studied the teaching of deaf-blind children.

One day a letter from my father arrived at the school, asking for a teacher for me. Annie considered this was just the kind of (52)( ) job she wanted. That is how Annie came to be with us.

 Annie was among the first to realize that blind people never know their (53) ( )strength until they are treated like normal human beings. She never pitied me; she never praised me unless what I did was as good as that of the best of a normal person. And she(54) ( )me when I made up my mind to go to college.

 During my years in school, Annie sat beside me in every class. She spelled out for me the things that the teachers taught. And, because most books were not printed in Braille, she herself read them to me by spelling into my hand what was written in the books. It took great(55)( )as well as patience for Annie to teach me to speak. Putting both my hands on her face when she spoke, she let me feel all the(56)( ) _of her lips and throat. Together we repeated and repeated words and sentences. My speech was ill-formed and not (57)( ) to hear. But I was delighted to be able to say words that my family and a few friends could understanD。 To Annie I owe thanks for this (58)( ) gift of speech. It has helped me to serve others.

 My teacher's(59)( ) instruction lived on after her death. She had believed in me. I must always keep on trying to do my best. "No matter what happens, "she often said, "keep on beginning. Each time you fail, start all over again. You will grow (60)( ) each time, until you can do and finish what you started out to do. "Who could count the times Annie tried failed, and then succeeded? What a great teacher! What a great person!

(deplore) She his scandalous actions.

(wide) He wants to( ) his knowledge of the industry.

(harmony) The different parts of the garden fit together in a _way.

(use) My nephews tried to make themselves( )_about the house.

( dominance) She is the( ) child in the group.

(prescribe) The doctor a holiday as the best cure for his depression.

(increase) A new form. of entertainment known as "Couch Potatoes" is the result of threeimportant facts of baby-boom life: marriage, children and home video.

(simple) With their increasing power and versatility, computers( ) day-to-day life.

(fiction) The account he gives of his childhood is quite( )

 Education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the aim of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life. Life is varied; so is education. As soon as we realize the fact, we will understand(31)( ).

 In some countries with advanced industries, they have free education for all. Under this system, people, (32)( )_ clever or foolish, have a chance to be educated at universities or colleges. They have for some time thought, by free education for all, they can solve all the problems of a society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see(33)( ) We find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degrees than there are jobs for them to fill. As result of their degrees, they refuse to do (34)( ) In fact, to work with one's hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries.

 But we have only to think a moment to understand (35)( ) is as important as that of professor. We can live without education, but we should die(36)( ) If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns. If there were no service people, because everyone was ashamed to do such work, the professors would have to waste much of their time doing housework.

 On the other hand, (37)( ) their production would remain low. As the population grows larger and larger in the modern world, we would die(38)( )

 In fact, when we say all of us must be educated to fit ourselves for life, it means(39)( ) firstly, to realize that everyone can do whatever job is suited to his brain and ability; secondly, to understand (40) and that it is bad to be ashamed of one's own work or to look down upon someone else's; thirdly, to master all the necessary know-how(技能) to do one's' job well Only such education can be called valuable to society.

A.what they think is "low" work

B.that all jobs are necessary to society

C.that it is very important to choose a proper system of education

D. if all the farmers were completely uneducated

E. no matter whether they are rich or poor

F. that one should choose his job according to his ability

G. that all must be educated

H. that free education for all is not enough

I. that the work of a completely uneducated farmer

J. if we did not have enough food

K. if none of us grew crops

To achieve better shopping experiences customers are advised to( )

What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?

Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers( )

Passage 6

 High-quality customer service is preached by many, but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.

 Store managers are often the last to hear complaints and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School

 "Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers," said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde Group. "The store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.

 On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four others, and will no longer visit the specific store. For every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting "snowball effect" can be disastrous to retailers.

What does Paula Courtney imply by saying "...the shopper must also find a replacement"(Line 2,parA4)?

What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?

What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph. D. and post-doctoral research?

Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class?

From paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute the author's failures to( )

Passage 5

 I don't ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it's like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.

The article provides information about monarchs'( )

The monarch butterflies make their winter home in( )

Before the Bruggers' discovery, people did not know( )

By the time the article was written, people had discovered( )

Passage 4

On a January day in 1975, Ken and Catalina Brugger wandered through an ancient forest in Mexico on a high mountain slope eighty miles west of Mexico City The air was damp and cool. The sky was cloudy, so little light reached through the trees. As the Bruggers walked along, they realized they were hearing a quiet, constant noise. It was like rain falling on the fir trees. But there was no rain. They looked around for the source of the sound. Suddenly, sunlight broke through the clouds and lit up the forest. The Bruggers gasped in delight. All around them, the trees shimmered with the beating of brilliant orange and black wings. The Bruggers were surrounded by millions of monarch butterflies, resting in their winter home.

 The Bruggers' discovery was important in the world of butterfly study. Butterfly lovers knew that, late every summer, monarchs migrate from Canada into Mexico. More than 300 million of the fragile creatures make the 2, 500-mile flight. But no one knew what became of the butterflies once they reached Mexico. Within the next few years, twelve more monarch roosts were discovered. They were all along the same mountain range where the Bruggers had made their find. Now the mystery was solved.

 The monarch's stay in Mexico is just one part of an amazing life cycle. Every spring, in Mexico, female monarchs lay enormous numbers of eggs. One female may lay more than four hundred a month. She attaches her eggs to milkweed plants. The milkweed provides a perfect first home for the young monarchs. Because milkweed is poisonous to most creatures, birds and other butterfly enemies avoid it. But monarchs love milkweed The eggs hatch in three to twelve days, and outcome worm-like- larva(幼虫) which feed on the milkplant. The poison does not hurt them. But it does have an important effect. It makes the monarch as poisonous as the plant was. A bird that eats a monarch will become very sick-and never eat another one.

According to the passage, those who are the least exposed to media violence are citizensof( )

The phrase "reduce the chances of joining..."(ParA.2)may be replaced by( )

It can be inferred from the second paragraph that the safest country is( )

Passage 3

Blaming the media for violence is misguided. To better understand the issue of violence and society, it is helpful to examine its historical roots. Certainly not all tribal societies were violent. For example, many native tribes in the American southwest were entirely peaceful. However, for most tribal people throughout most of the world war and violence have always been part of life. One of our oldest books, the Old Testament, tells of constant tribal wars among the peoples of the Middle East. Likewise, ancient texts such as the Greek Iliad, the Indian Bhagavad-Gita and the Nordic Beowulf all tell tales of war and violence. Certainly the peoples of ancient Babylonia, Greece, India, and Scandinavia were not influenced by the media yet most of the earliest human records indicate that violence has been an ever-present part of human life. Since violence was with us long before media, it seems unlikely that controlling the media now would have much impact on stopping.

The author uses Japanese, Columbian and Canadian examples to show that real-life violence and media violence( )

The author writes this passage to( )

Bowman's experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractiveness( )

It can be inferred from the passage that people's views on beauty are often( )

In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness( )

Passage2

Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and respectable occupations. Personal consultants give better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants(被告) But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.

 While attractiveness is a positive factor for man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.

 Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.

What is the author's attitude toward the technique of digitized image manipulation?

According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

The digitized alteration technique is( )

Nowadays, electronic image alterations are ( )

Passage 1

 Following football hero 0. J. Simpson's arrest in June, 1994, for the murder of his ex-wife and one of her friends, Newsweek and Time magazines ran the same police mug shot of Simpson on their covers. Newsweek's version was straight reproduction. Time electronically manipulated the photo to darken it and achieve a gloomy and threatening look that emphasized Simpson's unshaven cheeks and African-American skin color. The alteration offended many readers and raised an increasingly familiar question: In an age of computer-controlled images, can anyone still trust a photograph?