2016年同等学力申硕英语真题及答案解析

Write a composition in no less than 150 words on the topic: What Do You Think of Advanced Artificial Intelligence. Read the following words in English. You should write according to the outline given below. Write your composition on the

Answer Sheet.

1. Google's Deep Mind Alpha Go program beat the world champion of the

game Go( 围棋) in a landmark battle between man and artificial intelligence.

2. Some people fear advanced artificial intelligence.

3. Your attitude towards advanced artificial intelligence.

题干翻译：1. 谷歌 DeepMind阿尔法狗程序在人类与人工智能的里程

碑战役中打败围棋世界冠军。

2. 一些人对高级人工智能产生恐惧。

3. 你对高级人工智能的态度。

75_________?

Books are steadily increasing in size: the average number of pages has grown by 25% over the last 15 years. A study of more than 2500 books appearing on New York Times bestseller reveals that the average length has increased from 320 pages in 1999 to 400 pages in 2014. According to James Finlayson, who carried out the survey, there ’s a “relatively consistent pattern of grow th year on year ”. For Finlayson, much of this shift can be explained by the industry ’s shift towards digital. He says “When you pick up a large book in a shop, you can sometimes be intimidated, but if you have a big book on a Kindle （eBook ）, that’s not a consideration. ”

_72________

73_________

74_________

71_________

Text Three

A.lights

B.protect

C. in the dark

Phrases:

A.sit at home 70_________

B.turn off all non-essential 71_________

C.passed a law to 72_________the sea

I’m a big fan of trying to save the environment, and this month is the WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) annual Earth Hour. Earth Hour is an event where you 73_________ and power between 8-9 pm, things like your TV and computer. However, you don’t just 74_________ for an hour. Instead, people gather in groups and have fun without using power. Things like dancing, fireworks and musical performances are popular and it’s very fun to take part. Earth Hour isn’t just about saving energy; people involved in Earth Hour have also planted a forest in Uganda, built 75_________ 

70、_________

69

68

66

67

65

63________

Text Two

A.known

B.idea

C.feel

Phrases:

A.but it may 64__________like forever

B.a person may have no 65_________what is wrong

C.what is 66_________as panic disorder

A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror. Usually it does not last long, __67__. The cause can be something as normally uneventful at driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane. And it can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before. A fast heartbeat. Sweaty hands. Difficulty breathing. A lightheaded feeling. At first __68___. But these can all be signs of ___69____. The first appearance usually is between the ages of eighteen and twenty-four. 1n some cases it develops after a tragedy. Like the death of a loved one, or some other difficult situation.

64、______

61________

62________

59________

60________

57________

58________

55

Text One

A.many

B.choose

C.think of

D. ways of

Phrases:

A.56___________only one language

B.57___________any reason not to

C.in 58___________different ways

D.the most boring 59___________seeing the world

I think every language has a certain way of seeing the world. Each is a whole different world – a whole different mindsets. I couldn’t possibly 60___________because it would mean really giving up the possibility to be able to see the world.61___________ .So the monolingual lifestyle, for me, is the saddest, the loneliest,62___________. There are so many advantages of learning a language; I really can’t 63___________. 

56、________

54

52

53

51

50

49

47

48

When he went to the dinner party in jeans (Comment 3), the philosopher _______

The history of transportation is very long and full of changes and inventions. It starts ___46__ walking, which is not any invention; it just takes energy. People used to walk to get to other places. If you wanted to get somewhere quickly, the __47___way to do that was to run . Actually, the first invention for the transportation __48__ was the shoe. Centuries ago there were no shoes, and people walked barefoot.

Then people invented ___49__ to transport themselves and materials from one place to another. In some cultures, people invented sledges(雪橇), ___50__ are a kind of board that you drag along the ground. You can tie things on the sledges to help carry them, but it’s a challenging invention ___51__ if you hit a rock with the sledges as you pull it, the contents can ___52___. In other cultures, people invented the wheels, which they used to make it easier to move things---and people. That was the beginning of many innovations in transportation.

___53___ people had wheels they could invent other ways to travel. They could put the wheels on a board and make it a wagon, and then they could ___54__ that wagon to an ox or a horse and ride as well as carry materials. That wheel led to __55___ we have today: trucks, automobiles, and even boats and planes. For example, there were steamboats that used giant wheels that turned with blades, pushing the water and pushing the boat forward.

46、_________

The writer of Comment 1 seems to ______.

Speaking of Steve Jobs, the writer of Comment 2 ________.

According to the writer of the passage, perception ______.

The saying “Clothes Make the Man” dates back some 400 years and it refers to the fact that when people see a well-dressed person, they assume that person is a professional, capable, and (especially in the old days) rich. Therefore, you had to dress like how you wanted to be perceived, what you wanted to eventually achieve. Fast forward 400 years, lots of folks still think the same way. But does it really make a difference?

I happen to be one of those who do not put faith in the old saying. I suppose I might be in the minority but I am a member of an elite club with the likes of Steve Jobs and Bill Gates in my camp.

Perception is not reality; perception is halfway to discovering reality. Perception is drawn from our own impressions, our own belief systems. Is it powerful and influential? Absolutely! Is it all that it seems? Less often than you think. How many times have you cast an initial judgment only to surprise yourself later and learn how you missed out on a great opportunity, person or idea?

Comment 1

In the present era, many associate the well-dressed with being the most successful. It took folks in the business world a long time to overlook the way Steve Jobs wore jeans on the public stage. I did not know Mr. Jobs, though I wish I had. I have heard it said that he invented the concept of “business casual.” In my mind that is as much a matter of self-confidence as it is a matter of taste in clothing.

Comment 2

You are wrong about Steve Jobs. He certainly did care about how he was perceived and his appearance was very much calculated to achieve his desired effect. From his early formal business clothing down to the aggressive casualness of his eventual black turtle neck and jeans uniform, his clothes and the impact they made were clearly foremost in his mind.

Comment 3

It reminds me of the story about the philosopher who goes to a formal dinner party in jeans. When asked if he felt out of place because of his clothes, he looked around and said he hadn’t noticed.

Which of the following might the writer of the passage agree with?

Lampitt reasons that distracted pedestrians are as dangerous as ________.

According to the measure proposed by Lampitt, walking while texting would ______.

Which of the following would the author of the passage most probably agree with?

Experts say distracted walking is a growing problem, as people of all ages become more dependent on electronic devices for personal and professional matters. They also note pedestrian deaths have been rising in recent years. In 2005, 11% of all US deaths involved pedestrians, but that number rose to 15% in

The rise in deaths coincides with states introducing bills that target pedestrians. Some states, such as Hawaii, Arkansas, Illinois, Nevada and New York, continue to introduce legislation every year.

The measure recently introduced by New Jersey assembly woman Pamela Lampitt would ban walking while texting and prohibit pedestrians on public roads from using electronic communication devices unless they are hands-free. Violators would face fines of up to $50, 15-day imprisonment or both, which is the same penalty as jaywalking(乱穿马路). Half of the fine would be allocated to safety education about the dangers of walking while texting, said Lampit.

Some see the proposal as an unnecessary government overreach, while others say they understand Lampitt's reasoning. But most agree that people need to be made aware of the issue. "Distracted pedestrians, like distracted drivers, present a potential danger to themselves and drivers on the road," Lampitt said. "An individual crossing the road distracted by their smartphone presents just as much danger to motorists as someone jaywalking and should be held, at minimum, to the same penalty."

The main question raised about the measure, though, is whether it can be enforced consistently by police officers who usually have more pressing matters to deal with. Some feel that rather than imposing a new law, the state should focus on distracted-walking education. Lampitt said the measure is needed to stop and penalize "risky behavior." She cited a National Safety Council report that showed distracted-walking incidents involving cellphones accounted for an estimated 11,101 injuries from 2000 through 2011.

The study found a majority of those injured were female and most were 40 or younger. Talking on the phone was the most prevalent activity at the time of injury, while texting accounted for 12%. Nearly 80% of the injuries occurred as the result of a fall, while 9% occurred from the pedestrian striking a motionless object. 

 36.This passage is mainly concerned with _____

The states introducing bills that target pedestrians ________.

The philosophy of WWOOFing is to _______

This passage is mainly about _____

The author did all of the following on the organic farm EXCEPT _______.

The author found his farm life in La Réunion quite ______

Which of the following is the most fundamental to human interaction?

According to the author, the skills of deep human interaction .

Last year, I went WWOOFing (Willing Workers on Organic Farms) at a beautiful organic farm in La Réunion. With WWOOFing, volunteers exchange their time and work for food and accommodation. I slept in a cabin in the woods with hedgehogs(刺猬) digging about in the bushes, all different coloured birds singing in the morning and endless rows of palm trees offering shade from the sun.

For me, one of the best ways to get to know a new place is to work with the land, live with the locals and share meals together. This is why I absolutely love WWOOFing. It has got to be one of the best ways to travel. It is a mutually beneficial exchange where everyone involved prioritises people and environment above profit. You get the time and space to deepen a connection with local communities and nature.

There is a lot to learn and each farm has its own unique way of doing things, depending on the environment, climate and soil. At the farm in La Réunion we planted palm trees to harvest the core of the trunk which can be eaten in salads. Before staying with the farm I had only eaten heart of palm from cans which were nothing in comparison to the real thing, fresh from the ground. When potting up the very beginnings of the palm trees, I felt grateful to be a part of the start of the trees' cycle. I was filled with awe that something so small could grow into something so big and strong.

We also did lots of weeding, which helped me to get to know all kinds of different plants, to be able to identify which ones we could use as herbs/medicine/in salads and which were seen as uneatable. I also got to harvest pineapples and guava fruit(番石榴) to make jams which will be sold at the local market.

Of course, not everyone is able to travel far away into the field. The great thing about the skill-share philosophy behind WWOOFing is that it’s something we can all do from our own backyard. The focus shifts from money to how we can best support each other in our communities.

What is the author’s attitude towards the human future in the face of technology?

The word “presage”(Para. 2) is closest in meaning to“ _____”.

According to Anna Vedel, the research may help ______.

AlphaGo’s victory over Go( 围棋 )champion Lee Se-dol reportedly shocked artificial intelligence experts, who thought such an event was 10 to 15 years away. But if the timing was a surprise, the outcome was not. On the contrary, it was inevitable and entirely foreseeable.

Playing complex games is precisely what computers do supremely well. Just as they beat the world champions at checkers(跳棋)and then chess, they were destined to beat the champion at Go. Yet I don’t believe, as some do, that human defeats like this one presage an era of mass unemployment in which awesomely able computers leave most of us with nothing to do. Advancing technology will profoundly change the nature of high-value human skills and that is threatening, but we aren’t doomed.

The skills of deep human interaction, the abilities to manage the exchanges that occur only between people, will only become more valuable. Three of these skills stand out: The first, the foundation of the rest, is empathy, which is more than just feeling someone else’s pain. It’s the ability to perceive what another person is thinking or feeling, and to respond in an appropriate way.

The second is creative problem-solving in groups. Research on group effectiveness shows that the key isn’t team cohesion or motivation or even the smartest member’s IQ; rather, it’s the social sensitivity of the members, their ability to read one another and keep anyone from dominating.

The third critical ability, somewhat surprisingly, is storytelling, which has not traditionally been valued by organizations. Charts, graphs and data analysis will continue to be important, but that’s exactly what technology does so well. To change people’s minds or inspire them to act, tell them a story.

These skills, though basic to our humanity, are fundamentally different from the skills that have been the basis of economic progress for most of human history, logic, knowledge and analysis, which we learned from textbooks and in classrooms. By contrast, the skills of deep human interaction address the often irrational reality of how human beings behave, and we find them not in textbooks but inside ourselves. As computers master ever more complexity, that’s where we’ll find the source of our continued value. 

Anna Vedel stated that the research _______.

According to the research, law students scored particularly low in the trait of _______.

The word “conscientious” (Para. 4) probably means “________”.

It was 38 degrees and the air conditioning [barely ]cooled the room.

What did you study at university? If it was something along the lines of law or business, you might want to look away now. That's because according to new research, which has found a link between our university subjects and our personalities, you have selfish, uncooperative tendencies and are not very in touch with your feelings. On the plus side, you're probably the life and soul of a party, the findings suggest.

Researchers analyzed data from more than 13,000 university students who were involved in 12 separate studies. From this, they discovered a correlation between the “Big Five” major personality traits and the subjects they were enrolled on.

For example, those studying law, economics, political science and medicine tended to be much more outgoing than those taking other subjects, the study found. But when it came to “agreeableness” -- the tendency towards being helpful, generous and considerate -- the lawyers scored particularly low, as did business and economics students.

Only native-born citizens are [eligible ]for the U.S. Presidency.

Following our [merging] with Smith Brothers, the new company will, from now on be known as Smith and Murphy In

If you don’t slow down and take a break, you’ll be [burned out] very quickly.

The journal published a series of articles that reviewed the [prospects] for a new era of “genetic medicine”.

Watching these kids grow brings me satisfaction that is difficult to[ surpass].

As to the question of refreshments, I should think orange juice and potato chips will be [sufficient].

The election will be [brought forward] to June as so many people are on holiday in July.

Such experience helps promote one’s [alertness ] to other cultures, as well as a better appreciation of one’s own culture

If you always try to [find fault with ]others, it means that you have gained another shortcoming

10___________

8___________

9___________

6_________

A.I literally can’t stop.

B.But now I don’t need to worry any more.

C.You’re known as the first billionaire author here.

D.But that’s not just about money.

Interviewer: You have published six popular books. 7___________ 

Interviewee: Yeah.

Interviewer: So how has being the first billionaire author affected your perception of yourself?

Interviewee: I dress better. Well, you can definitely afford better clothes. 8___________I think the　single biggest thing that money gave me--and obviously I came from a place where I was a single mother and it really was hand to mouth at one point. It was literally as poor as you can get without being homeless at one point. 9___________ Never.

Interviewer: Are you in a place now where you can accept that you will always be rich?

Interviewee: No.

Interviewer: And will you be writing more?

Interviewee: Oh, definitely. I can’t, yeah, 10___________ Well, I mean, you could tie my hands to　my sides, I suppose, but I have to write. For my own mental health, I need to write. 

7、___________

5_________

Dialogue Two

A.You can’t even stay in the sun for five minutes.

B.I guess so.

C.You want my advice?

Winne: Oh, man! Nobody can stand this kind of scorching heat.

Marc: Absolutely! _____4_____

Winne: Anyway, I guess this afternoon there’s nothing we can do but stay home.

Marc: ____5_____ I don’t want to be taken to the hospital for heat exhaustion or something.

Winne: ___6_____ Drink a lot of liquids and spare yourself the worst of the heat!

Marc: Yean, you’re right. Got to drink a lot of fluids. 

4、 _________

3_________

2_________

Dialogue One

A.Will you take care of that for me?

B.Does it have anything valuable inside?

C.How do you want to send it?

Clerk: May I help you?

Customer: Yes, I’d like to send this letter to my family in England.

Clerk: Did you write your return address on the envelope?

Customer: Yes, I did.

Clerk: ____1____

Customer: I guess I’ll send it airmail.

Clerk: ____2____

Customer: Yes. I enclosed a check and some photographs.

Clerk: Then you’d better send it by registered mail.

Customer: That’s a good idea.___3____

Clerk: I’m sorry, sir. You’ll have to take your letter to the next window. 

1、_________