自考专业英语（英语阅读一）模拟试卷一

(63)You have your own special place and work. Find it, fill it.Scarcely a boy or girl will read these lines but has much better opportunity to win success than Garfield, Wilson, Franklin, Lincoln, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Frances Willard, and thousands of others had. (64)But to succeed you must be prepared to seize and improve the opportunity when it comes.(65)Remember that four things come not back: the spoken word the sped arrow, the past life, and the neglected opportunity.(66)It is one of the paradoxes of civilization that the more opportunities are utilized, the more new ones are thereby created.New openings are as easy to find as ever to those who do their best, although it is not so easy as formerly to obtain great distinction in the old lines, because the standard has advanced so much, and competition has so greatly increased.(67)"The world is no longer clay, "said Emerson, "but rather iron in the hands of its workers, and men have got to hammer out a place for themselves by steady and rugged blows(From Opportunities Where You Are)

What are the positive side and negative side of Henry Ford's statement referred to?

Acquire lack  such as  possession to   affect 

Despise as well as which inherited  towards pay for 

Many intermediate groups grew up during the nineteenth-century between the upper middle class and the working class. There were small-scale industrialists (51)( ) large ones, small shopkeepers and tradesmen, officials and salaried employees, skilled and unskilled workers, and professional men(52)( ) doctors and teachers. Farmers and peasants continued in all countries as independent groups.

 During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the (53)( ) of wealth inevitably (54)( )

 a person's social position. Intelligent industrialists with initiative made fortunes by their working-class parents. But they lacked the social training of the upper class, who (55)( ) them as the new rich”

 They often sent their sons and daughters to special schools to(56)( ) social training. Here their children mixed with the children of the upper classes, were accepted by them, and very often found marriage partners from among them. In the same way, thrifty(节俭的), hardworking labourer, though not clever himself, might save for his son enough to(57)( ) an extended secondary school education in the hope that they would move into a white-collar" occupation, carrying with it a higher salary and a move up in the social scale.

 The tendency to move down in social class is less obvious, for a claim to an aristocratic birth, especially in Europe, has always carried a certain distinction, and people have made tremendous efforts to obtain for their children the kind of opportunities they had for themselves. In the twentieth century the increased taxation of higher incomes the growth of the social service development of educational opportunity have considerably altered the social outlook. The upper classes no longer are the sole, or even the main possessors of wealth, power and education, though (58)( ) social positions still carries considerable prestige.

 Many people today are hostile(59)( ) class distinctions and privileges and hope to achieve a classless society. The trouble is that as one inequality is removed, another tends to take its place, and the best that has so far been attempted is a society in(60)( ) distinctions are elastic(可变的)and in which every member has fair opportunities for making the best of his abilities.

Passage 4

 Henry Ford, the famous U. S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, "The business of America is business. "By this he meant that the U. S. way of life is based on the values of the business world Few would argue with Ford's statement. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business.

 Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as" the entertainment industry" or "show business".

 The positive side of Henry Ford's statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of better job. Jobs are produced in abundance because the U. S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life.

 The negative side of Henry Ford's statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business-referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U. S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to form. unions. Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizing-the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high-creates feelings of insecurity for many.

According to the passage, which factors can be affected by business?

(profession) Many of the performers were of( ) _standard.

(certain) The police are trying to( )what really happeneD。

(commit) Some researchers have discovered that people who live together are often less( )

( disappoint) Not getting the job was a terrible( )

(image) In my( ) I thought I heard her calling me.

(response) All pilots are( ) for their passengers' safety.

(emergence) The swimmer( )from the lake.

(convince) They won by a( ) _margin.

(charm) She is a( )girl.

(impoverish) Heavy rain and excessive use have( )the soil

 We observe today not victory of party, but a celebration of freedom symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning-signifying renewal, as well as change. For have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.

 The world is very different now. (31)( ) And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe-the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of GoD.

 We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans-born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage(32)( )

  Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, (33)( )

 This much we pledge-and more.

 To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. (34)( ) Divided, there is little we can do-for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.

 To those new States whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form. of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far greater iron tyranny. We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view. But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom-and to remember that, (35)( )

 To our sister republics south of our border, we offer special pledge-to convert our good words into good deeds, in a new alliance for progress, to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. (36)( ) And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.

 To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective-to strengthen its shield of the new weak-and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.

 Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: (37)( )

 We dare not tempt them with weakness. (38)( )

 But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present course both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom, (39)( )

 So let us begin anew-remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof. (40)( )

A. and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world

B. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us

C. Let us never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to negotiate

D. yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war

E. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that the hey will never be employed

F. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life

G. in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty

H. in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside

I. that both sides begin anew the quest for peace before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction

J. Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas

K. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures

Which of the following is true according to the passage?

From this passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children?

This passage mainly deals with( )

Passage 6

 Exceptional children are different in some significant ways from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.

The reason why exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that( )

The passage mainly deals with( )

The sentence "if you let the incident go, your anger will go with it"(ParA 3)tells us that( )

According to Carol Tavris, anger can be handled effectively( )

Doris Wilde believes that people stay angry( )

The author concludes that historical changes would( )

Passage 5

 Laura House remembers the day with embarrassment "Mom and I were on our way home after dinner when we stopped at an intersection, "she says. "When the light changed, the guy ahead of us was looking at a map of something and didn't move right away. I leaned on my horn and automatically yelled. I didn't even think about what I was doing. Mom's jaw just dropped.She said, well, guess you've' been living in the city too. that's when realized that my anger was out of control.

Gandhi and Martin Luther King are examples of outstanding leaders who( )

According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that( )

In which of the following aspects famous people are different from heroes?

The author sets forth the argument of the passage by( )

Passage 4

 Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?

 Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.

The third story in the passage shows( )

In a service business, the product being marketed is( )

It can be inferred from the second paragraph that( )

Passage 3

We can learn from the story that( )

The writer tries to make himself understood by all the following EXCEPT( )

From the passage, we can infer that( )

The writer wanted a map in order to( )

Passage 2

 On days when there is work, talk to the other guys. Some of them tell me that the harvest season is coming in northern California, and they say that one can earn good money there. Things haven't gone so badly in the car wash, but one afternoon give the manager my thanks for having hired and promoted me, and with a little suitcase that night I board a Greyhound headed north. My ticket is made out for San Francisco, but I don't plan to go that far. I plan to ride until find a place where people are harvesting, and to get off the bus there.

   I sleep on the bus for a few hours that night, and in the morning, when I awake, I don't know where we are. get up from my seat and walk down the bus aisle, looking for a Mexican or Chicano to tell me our location, but oddly enough, I don' t see any among the passengers, who are all white- skinned. I pay attention to the road signs we pass, but they are not of much help. I can read the town names, but I don't know where the towns lie. A map would help me, and I decide to buy one at our next stop. Lots of things are for sale at the bus stop's gift shop, but there are no maps. I direct myself towards the shop's operator but I run into the language barrier. The operator is an Anglo, and when speak to him in Spanish, he says that he doesn't understand. I try to practice my very precarious(不可靠的) English with him, but it's' of no use. I have rough idea of the sound of the words that want to say, but I can't' pronounce them right make signs, signaling big piece of paper and say "from California", but he turns into a question mark, with eyes wide open, arms raised and hands extended. "Map ."I say, but don't pronounce the word very well. "Freeways, streets, "I add, but he still doesn't understand. He points out chewing gum, candies, pieces of cake, sandwiches, soft drinks, and cigarettes, trying to guess what I'm asking for. But he doesn't show me any maps. Finally, I back out of the store, and as I leave I hear him say, "I'm sorry.”

In the author's view, priority should sometimes be given to( ) in the practical teaching.

The language teacher's own oral performance is particularly important because( )

According to the author, pronouncing a foreign language is a skill that requires( )

Regarding the teaching of English pronunciation the author has made all the following suggestions EXCEPT( )

  Passage 1

Pronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language; but few people are even moderately proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons for this, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious. But I suggest that the fundamental reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do their own languages is that they fail to grasp the true nature of the problems of learning to pronounce, and consequently never set about tackling it in the right way. Far too many people fail to realize that n language is a skill-one that needs careful training of a special kind, and one be acquired by just leaving it to take care of itselfI think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to study concerned with speaking in their practical teaching. So, the first point I want to make here is that the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to the English pronunciation. There should be occasions when other aspects of English, such as grammar and spelling, are allowed for the moment to take the second place.Apart from this question of the time given to pronunciation there are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique.It is important that the teacher should be in possession of the necessary information. This can generally be obtained from books. It is possible to get from books some idea of the mechanics of speech, and of what we call general phonetic theory. But the first and most important part of a language teacher's technique is his own performance, his ability to demonstrate the spoken language, in every detail of articulation(发音) as well as in fluent speaking, so that the student's' talent capacity for imitation is given the fullest scope and encouragement.

What does the author actually say about pronouncing foreign languages?