2014年4月高等教育自学考试基础英语真题及答案

4.要是没有从无形贸易中挣得的钱，英国将几乎年年出现赤字。(4分)

(二)将下列句子译成英文

3.他们以合理的价格卖给我们医疗设备。(3分)

2.The government encourages its people to buy less expensive goods made at home, instead of more expensive imported products. (4分)

(一)将下列句子译成中文

1.A large percentage of women employees complained that they had been subjected to unfair treatment in the work place. (4分)

(二)将下列词语译成英文 (5分)

6.贸易差额

7.交通高峰时间

8.收款台

9.公众利益

10保险费

This passage would probably be ______.

(一) 将下列词语译成中文 (5分)

1.excess reserves

2.economic literature

3. short-distance distribution

4.comparable economy

5.replacement cost

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

It can be inferred from the passage that Robinson Crusoe was designed for ______.

What attitude does Wes Benedict hold toward this idea?

Robinson Crusoe got his name Robinson from ______.

Passage 2

I was born in the year 1632, in the city of York, of a good family, though not of that country, my father being a foreigner of Bremen, who settled first at Hull. He got a good estate by merchandise, and leaving off his trade, lived afterwards at York, from whence he had married my mother, whose relations were named Robinson, a very good family in that country, and from whom I was called Robinson Kreutznaer; but, by the usual corruption of words in England, we are now called-nay we call ourselves and write our name-Crusoe; and so my companions always called me.I had two elder brothers, one of whom was lieutenant-colonel to an English regiment of foot in Flanders, formerly commanded by the famous Colonel Lockhart, and was killed at the battle near Dunkirk against the Spaniards. What became of my second brother I never knew, any more than my father or mother knew what became of me.Being the third son of the family and not bred to any trade, my head began to be filled very early with rambling thoughts. My father, who was very ancient, had given me a competent share of learning, as far as house-education and a country free school generally go, and designed me for the law; but I would be satisfied with nothing but going to sea; and my inclination to this led me so strongly against the will, nay, the commands of my father, and against all the entreaties(恳求) and persuasions of my mother and other friends, that there seemed to be something fatal in that propensity(倾向) of nature, tending directly to the life of misery which was to befall me.

The word “lieutenant-colonel” in the second paragraph most probably means “______”.

The word “incentives” in Paragraph 6 probably means ______.

The reason why Kyrsten Sinema doesn’t support the proposal is ______.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Passage 1

The proposal aims to encourage people to be healthy.If this new idea in America becomes a law, people who are overweight could suffer financially too.The US State of Arizona wants to charge overweight citizens $50 annually if they fail to follow their doctors’ advice. People with children or who are overweight because they suffer from a medical condition would be spared from the punishment.If the idea is approved by the Congress, smokers and diabetics who fail to stick to a healthy lifestyle will also have to pay.Medicaid, the organization which provides healthcare to the poor in the USA, costs the government $339 billion a year. Monica Coury, assistant director at Arizona’s Medicaid programmer, said that this proposal would ask people to give something back.She said that Arizona would take a carrot and stick (胡萝卜加大棒) approach to the problem. As well as punishing people who go against their doctors’ wishes, incentives would be offered for following advice, possibly a keep-fit video.Arizona’s senator Kyrsten Sinema has not backed the plans, saying that there isn’t a system to decide whether someone is or isn’t following medical advice. Other critics claim that people don’t need the government to look after them; if they want to be fat and smoke, the ‘nanny state’ shouldn’t try to stop them.Wes Benedict of the Libertarian Party said, “If you want to save the state money … cut Medicaid across the board, but don’t single out overweight people and smokers.”

(A.These rules and regulations) are(B. somewhat )vague and (C.however )cannot prevent all violations (D.in real practices).

When there are no differences among countries in the basic capabilities at producing goods, other bases for trade among them may still exist. First, patterns of demand may ( 1 ) among nations. For example, most consumers in ( 2 ) country may consider dog meat a delicacy, ( 3)in another country the consumption of dog meat is disgusting. In this case the second country may sell its dog meat to the first country. Trade will be ( 4 ) not on differences in the production capabilities of the two countries ( 5 ) on different consumption preferences.Second, trade may occur out of economies of scale, ( 6 ) , the cost advantages of large-scale production. For example, Country A and Country B may have the same capability in producing cars and computers, but the cost for the production of both commodities will ( 7) ifthe goods are produced on a larger scale. ( 8 ) countries may find it advantageous if each(9 ) to specialize completely in the production of one commodity and import the other.( 10 ) , trade takes place because of innovation or style. Even though Country A produces enough cars at reasonable costs to meet its own ( 11 )and even to export some, it may( 12) import cars from other countries for innovation or variety of style.To ( 13 ) , the theory of international specialization seeks to answer the ( 14 )which countries will produce what goods, with what trade patterns among them. Differences in production conditions, the element highlighted by the theory of comparative advantage, provide the most important part of the answer. But a complete answer must also(15) into account other factors such as patterns of demand, economies of scale and innovation or style.

1.A. differ B. offerC. refer D. infer

2. A. the B. oneC. an D. that

3. A. so B. ifC. while D. when

4. A. basis B. basedC. basic D. basement

5. A. and B. orC. however D. but

6. A. for example B. in this caseC. so that D. that is

7. A. increase B. raiseC. decrease D. reduce

8. A. Both B. NeitherC. Either D. All

9. A. is B. wereC. was D. be

10. A. Firstly B. SecondlyC. Thirdly D. Third

11. A. demand B. supplyC. standard D. level

12. A. yet B. thusC. still D. instead

13. A. add B. summarizeC. include D. contain

14. A. issue B. problemC. subject D. question

15. A. take B. makeC. fake D. shake

It’s time we (A.started to) adjust ourselves (B.with )the new (C.learning) environment. We should (D.depend on )ourselves.

Fresh fish, for example, can be (A.flown )to restaurants each day, thus(B. avoid )the risk of spoilage that (C.comes) with packaging and (D.storing )a supply of fish.

(A.Present) at the meeting (B.was )all the (C.leading) members of the department (D.concerned).

Television (A.allows) advertisers (B.to combine )sight, sound, and motion, thus(C. appealing )for almost all (D.the viewers’ )senses.

They know (A.the all different) motives (B.that) influence (C.a consumer’s) purchase—some rational (D.and)some emotional.

(A.By mean of )taxation, we (B.pay for) things (C.that) we need just (D.as much as) we need somewhere to live and something to eat.

(A. Amazingly), computers(B. work )so fast(C. to they) can solve this problem (D.in a few seconds).

He said my suggestion was (A.being considered )by the managers at the meeting, (B.so )he did not know (C.whether) it would (D.be accepted).

People tend to (A.use the radio as) a “background” (B.while) they are doing other things, paying (C.few) attention (D.to )advertisements.

______ with last year, the average price was reduced by 9 percent.

There ______ be a mistake. I clearly remember putting the book here.

—What’s wrong?—I don’t know. The computer ______.

But no matter how frightening it may be ______ a steel mill, we see steel in use all around us.

No sooner ______ supper than ______ home.

Mary bought a beautiful ______ curtain at the exhibition the other day. It’s exactly what she has been looking for.

The news ______ banks will charge higher interest on loans is told in today’s news report.

He spends ______ 70% of his spare time reading novels or magazines.

Today, about three out of ______ four people in the world wear clothing made of cotton.

It is rather cold, ______ the sky is clear.

The doctor warned the patient ______ smoking.

Britain needs ______ to pay for all the food she imports.

Sally suggested that ______.

A box of 200 facial tissues costs around ______ of that price.

The Drama, ______ almost everyone knows, is by Shakespeare.

He has been ______ in advertising for a number of years.Maybe you could turn to him for some advice?

Don’t worry. He’s very much ______ of finishing the job on his own.

The president ______ a plan to cut the government spending in the following year.

You are in a very ______ position to apply for this job. Have a try!

All the speakers are required to ______ their speech to this topic.

He thought he could ______ from attending the MBA program. That’s why he quit the job.

Being away for more than a decade, he is still strongly ______ to his homeland.

—What’s wrong with him?—He is quite ______ about his chances of getting a decent job.

Many other trains were stopping and ______ their passengers, and there were thousands of people in the station.

Rust ______ very quickly when iron is not protected from dampness by paint, or in some other way.

By using UPC, the computer can print out the ______ price of the item.

The potato chip bags weigh 75 grams ______.

Then it’s time to join a relaxation class or ______ dancing, painting or gardening.

Did he give a ______ account of what have happened?

It can kill you if you don’t notice the ______ signals.