2012年10月高等教育自学考试基础英语真题及答案

4.他认为人生成功与否主要取决于我们与别人的交往。(3分)

(二)将下列句子译成英文 (7分)

3.炼铁就是将纯铁与杂质分开的工艺过程。(4分)

(一)将下列句子译成中文(8分)

1.Consumers are also exposed to far less direct mail than to other advertising media. (4分)

(二)将下列词语译成英文 (5分)

6.城市商业区

7.消费者需求

8.赤字

9.医疗设备

10.广告媒介

2.In this way，better quality products at good values are continually being brought to the people of all income groups. (4分)

The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the Government，local authorities and nationalized industries ______.

(一) 将下列词语译成中文 (5分)

1.inflation

2.universal product code

3. checkout counter

4.capital equipment

5.demand curve

All the essential services on which we depend are ______.

When the savers want their money back they ______.

The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is ______.

What can we learn about home economics from the 2nd paragraph?

Passage 2

Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem，on a small scale，faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know，and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance，they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public，inviting people to lend them money，or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. They do this by issuing stocks and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange. When the saver needs his money back，he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead，he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. All these require more money than is raised through taxes alone. The Government，local authorities，and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending，and they，too，come to the Stock Exchange.There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.

Which of the following is mentioned by the writer as a job likely to be taken by a modern home economist?

The subject of home economics includes ______.

All life is sound. We are constantly surrounded by sounds and noises made by nature and everything in (1 ). For thousands of years man (2) speaking and singing，and thanks to his wonderfully constructed ears，perceiving sounds and noises，(3 )they are but a small part of the inconceivable(难以想象的)wealth of sounds filling the universe. Children everywhere and almost without( 4 ) are born with musical abilities，with voices，and with hearing. The difference lies merely ( 5 ) what they do with these gifts. That (6 ) according to temperament，upbringing，nationality，and time.Nature itself is full of ( 7 ) ，full of music. Musical sounds existed millions of years (8) there was a human ear to hear (9)：the soft bubbling of the water，the roll(隆隆声)of (10 )，the whispering and rustling of leaves in the wind and( 11 ) knows how many other audible(听得见的)manifestations of nature. Man was (12) into a world of sound. Thunder filled him with fear and became a ( 13) of supernatural powers. In the roar of the wind he heard the voice of demons. Dwellers at the seashore judged the temper of the gods by the sound of the waves. Religious rites(仪式)and music (14 ) inseparable ( 15) the dawn of humanity.

1.A. this B. it C. there D. here

2. A. has been B. had been C. have D. has

3. A. yet B. even C. so D. although

4. A. experience B. knowledge C. exception D. foundation

5. A. beyond B. at C. on D. in

6. A. varies B. differs C. contradicts D. contrasts

7. A. noise B. sounds C. music D. gifts

8. A. when B. before C. ago D. while

9. A. sound B. music C. them D. it

10. A. valley B. lightning C. light D. thunder

11. A. who B. whoever C. somebody D. anybody

12. A. sent B. brought C. got D. born

13. A. sigh B. symbol C. sight D. sign

14. A. is B. was C. were D. are

15. A. in B. on C. by D. at

According to the selection，a general understanding of home economics contributes to all the following except ______.

Passage 1

Within a school curriculum，the study of home economics is sometimes described as life education. Because much of an individual’s life has traditionally centered upon the home and the family，home economics has been largely concerned with learning how to deal with the problems and challenges of homemaking. A basic knowledge of home economics helps a person make up a workable household budget，plan and prepare nutritious meals，choose a fabric(织物)for draperies(帐帘)，and care for a small child.In recent years the scope of home economics has broadened considerably. It now includes areas of national and international interest. Today’s home economist may，for example，be engaged in developing foods for space flights，providing answers to the nutritional problems of underdeveloped nations，or setting up national classifications for textiles.The study of home economics includes a wide variety of subjects，including foods and nutrition;clothing and textiles;housing，home equipment，and home management;family economics; child development;and family relations. Home economists are often required to have academic preparation in such related areas as chemistry，physics，sociology，psychology，and design.

The study of home economics is at times considered as life education for the reason that ______.

The store clerk(A.does not) need to(B.spend) time(C.check) the price(D.on the item).

Because there was(A.such as) demand(B.for) the product manufacturers (C.began making) tissues in(D.more and more large) quantities.

I was (A.shocking) (B.at)(C.seeing) the angry look(D.on her face).

We were(A.almost) late.(B.hardly we entered)(C.the) theatre when the performance (D.began).

It is this(A.terrible) wastefulness(B.which) has got us(C.into) the mess(d.we are) in now.

The six (A.bridges) (B.built) in (C.in 1950s) soon after our country(D.was liberated).

(A.all kinds of) materials can help you (B.better) (C.understanding) the article，so you (D.should read) them carefully.

(A.knowing) the reasons (B.behinds) decisions (c.to buy) things (D.make) a better shopper.

(A.A number of) foreign visitors were (B.taken) to the industrial exhibition, (C.they) they (D.saw) many new products.

(A.ever since) the adoption of mass-production (B.methods)，more and more (C.industrial goods) (D.as) put on the market.

The committee ______ made up of twenty members.

A lot of people believe that ______ fifty percent of the doctors in the countryside are not qualified.

There hasn’t been any rain ______ .

It was announced that the goals of ______ had been achieved.

We ______ our country into a modern one in the near future.

All substances， ______ solids，liquids or gases，are composed entirely of atoms.

Frightened，the policeman didn’t report ______ .

The students ______ hand in their homework by Saturday.

On reaching home I discovered that I ______ my keys at the office.

She continued her experiment ______ nothing had happened.

The days ______ you could travel without a passport are a thing of the past.

Some people prefer classical music，but ______ prefer rock music.

______ his wealth，our boss is not very happy.

He graduated from the university in 1995， ______.

A small cut in the prices will create a(n) ______ for buying.

We consider it necessary that a plan ______ in advance.

I ______ some money from the bank to buy a new coat.

Although we had expected them to take a taxi，our relatives arrived by a ______ car.

The young teacher is becoming more and more popular among the students because of his ______ of humor.

Science and technology is the first productive force，and scientific research is the ______ of modern industrial research.

In 1992 ______，the factory saved 200，000 RMB for our country.

Scientific discoveries are often applied ______ industrial production methods.

Insurers do not have to ______ the damages if a policyholder deliberately sets fire to an office building.

They ______ us to get a return ticket.

The world has ______ great changes in the last two decades.

Many people ______ on while the two men fought.

Supplies of this commodity greatly ______ demand.

The free-port idea ______ in ancient times in the Middle East.

He is most ______ to succeed.

If a foreign merchant must pay a tax on his goods，he must ______ more for them.