2017年高考英语北京卷真题及答案

Every animal sleeps,but the reason for thishas remained foggy.When lab rats are not allowed to sleep,they die within amonth. 71One idea is that sleep helps us strengthennew memories. 72 We know that,while awake,fresh memories are recorded by reinforeing (加强)connections between braincells,but the memory processes that takeplace while we sleep have been unclear.  Support is growing for a theory thatsleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元)in the brain can be weakenedovernight,making room for fresh memories to from the next day 73 Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 Thesynapses in the mice taken at the end ofa period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken beforesleep,showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping. If Tononi`s theory isright,it would explain why,when we miss a night`s,we find it harder the nextday to concentrate and learn new information-our brains may have smaller roomfor new experences. Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories overtime even though the synapscs become thinner.The team discovered that somesynapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,”Tononi says. A. We should alsotry to sleep well the night before. B. Ti’s as if thebrain is preserving its most important memories. C. Similarly, whenpeople go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick. D. The processestake place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories. E. That’s whystudents do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. F. “Sleep is theprice we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. G. Tononi’s teammeasured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录毕业前夕你们制作以“感恩母校”为主题的毕业纪念视频的全过程。注意：词数不少于60。提示词：视频video

What does theauthor think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?

Machines withspecific purposes are associated with living things partly because they mightbe able to ???????.

According tosome researchers, we can use firewalls to

Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies ofkiller robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility thatartificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving somethingother than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician NorbertWiener, who founded the field of cybernetics（控制论）, put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanicalagency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite surethat the purpose which we really desire.”

What is the purpose of the passage?

Herd immunity works well when ____________.

What is the main reason for thecomeback of measles?

Subscribers ofTOKNOW would get

Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more,was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use ofthe MMR vaccine(疫苗). But thedisease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement andmisinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles caseshave been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.

The numbers might sound small, but they arethe leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, asthey still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called“herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including thosewho zxxk can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to getvaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.

But herd immunity works only when nearly thewhole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride,immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.

That’s exactly what is happening in smallneighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-oldcaused an outbreak last year.

The resistance to vaccine has continued fordecades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse totake that risk selfishly make others suffer.

Making things worse are state laws that makeit too easy to opt out(决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all childrenentering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption（豁免), sometimes just by signing apaper saying they personally object to a vaccine.

Now, several states are moving to tightenlaws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limitexemptions.

Parents ought to be able to opt out only forlimited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough.Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll existonly as long as everyone shares in the risks.

The first two paragraphs suggestthat ____________.

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Why is TOKNOWa special magazine?

What doesTOKNOW offer its readers?

Why does Paris say she was lucky?

Which of the following words can bestdescribe Taylor?

It was a cold March day in High Point,North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting fortheir next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm,Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her zxxk teammate Paris White play. Thetwo didn’t know each other well —Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.

   Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,“Paris’s eye rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”

   It certainly was, Paris had suffered asudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. “Doesanyone know CPR?”

   CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR,you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body andtakes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly.

Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl form. Manitoba,Canada.One day, when she wasfive years old,she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg.They saw aman 36    out of a garbage can.She asked hermother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless andhungry.Hannah was very  37  .She couldn't understand whysome people had to live their without shelter or enough food.Hannah started tothink about how she could 38   ,but,of course,there is not a lot onefive-year-old can do to solve(解决)the problem ofhomelessness.      

Later ,when Hannah attended school, she sawanother homeless person. It was a woman,  39  an old shopping trolley（购物车）which was piled with  40 .It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah verysad, and even more 41 to do something.She had been talking toher mother about the lives of homeless people 42 theyfirst saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something tochange the problem that made her sad, she wouldn’ t 43 as bad.

Hannah began to speak out about the homelessnessin Manitoba and then in other provinces.She hoped to 44 her message ofhope and awareness.She started the Ladybug Foudation ,an organization aiming atgetting rid of bomekssacss. She began to “Big Bosses” lunches, where she wouldtry to persuade local business Leaders to 46 to the cause.She alsoorganized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone`s spare change during “MakeChange” month. More recently, the foundation began another 47 calledNational Red Scarf Day-a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in supportof Canada`s 48 and homeless.

There is an emergency shelter in Winnipegcalled “Hannah`s Place”,something that Hannah is very 49 of. Hannah`sPlace is divided into several areas,providing shelter for people when it is socold that 50 outdoors can meandeath.In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities,shehasreceived a lot of 51 .

For example, she received the 2007 BRICKAward recognizing the  52   of young people to change the world. But  53    all this, Hannah still has the  54    life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except thatshe pays regular visits to homeless people.

Hannah is one ofmany examples of young people who are making a  55   in the world.You can,too!

If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened

Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry.

Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students.

People______better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer as result.

The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants.

The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.

If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.

In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet.

Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time

Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading

______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.

Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.

—______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?—Yes. They are happy with it.

Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf

—Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited—No problem.