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According tosome researchers, we can use firewalls to

  • A.help superintelligent machines work better
  • B.be secureagainst evil human beings
  • C.keep machinesfrom being harmed
  • D.avoid robots’affecting the world
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Every animal sleeps,but the reason for thishas remained foggy.When lab rats are not allowed to sleep,they die within amonth. 71One idea is that sleep helps us strengthennew memories. 72 We know that,while awake,fresh memories are recorded by reinforeing (加强)connections between braincells,but the memory processes that takeplace while we sleep have been unclear.  Support is growing for a theory thatsleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元)in the brain can be weakenedovernight,making room for fresh memories to from the next day 73 Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 Thesynapses in the mice taken at the end ofa period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken beforesleep,showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping. If Tononi`s theory isright,it would explain why,when we miss a night`s,we find it harder the nextday to concentrate and learn new information-our brains may have smaller roomfor new experences. Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories overtime even though the synapscs become thinner.The team discovered that somesynapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,”Tononi says. A. We should alsotry to sleep well the night before. B. Ti’s as if thebrain is preserving its most important memories. C. Similarly, whenpeople go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick. D. The processestake place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories. E. That’s whystudents do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. F. “Sleep is theprice we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. G. Tononi’s teammeasured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.

What does theauthor think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?

  • A.It willdisappear with the development of AI
  • B.It will getworse with human interference
  • C.It will besolved but with difficulty.

Machines withspecific purposes are associated with living things partly because they mightbe able to ???????.

  • A.preventthemselves from being destroyed
  • B.achieve theiroriginal goals independently
  • C.do anythingsuccessfully with given orders
  • D.beat humans ininternational chess matches

According tosome researchers, we can use firewalls to

  • A.help superintelligent machines work better
  • B.be secureagainst evil human beings
  • C.keep machinesfrom being harmed
  • D.avoid robots’affecting the world

What is the purpose of the passage?

  • A.To introduce the idea of exemption
  • B.To discuss methods to cure measles.
  • C.To stress the importance of vaccination.
  • D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.

Herd immunity works well when ____________.

  • A.exemptions are allowed
  • B.several vaccines are used together
  • C.the whole neighborhood is involved in
  • D.new regulations are added to the state laws

What is the main reason for thecomeback of measles?

  • A.The overuse of vaccine
  • B.The lack of medical care
  • C.The features of measles itself
  • D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people

Subscribers ofTOKNOW would get

  • A.free birthdaypresents
  • B.full refundwithin 28 days
  • C.membership ofthe TOKNOW club
  • D.chances to meetthe experts in person
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