ISDN是由(51)定义的一种网络设备标准。在ISDN的各种设备之间定义可(52)个参考点，其中把网络终端设备和用户终端设备分开的参考点为(53)。若一个大的企业要连入ISDN，要用到一个叫NT2的设备，NT2实际上就是(54)。ISDN网络的构成不包括(55)。

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SDLC was invented by IBM to replace the older Bisynchronous protocol for wide area connections between IBM equipment. A varietion of the(71)protocol called NRM is essentially the same as SDLC.

 SDLC is(72)protocol like HDLC, Frame. Relay or X.25.An SDLC network is made up of(73)that controls all communications, and(74).It is capable of(75).operation, but almost all practical applications are strictly half duplex.

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Frame. Relay is simplified form. of(66), similar in principle to(67), in which synchronous, frames of data are routed to different destinations depending on header information.

 Packets are routed throught one or more Virtual Circuits known as(68). Most Virtual Circuits are(69), which means that the network provider sets up all DLCI connections at subscription time.(70)are also part of the Frame. Relay specification. They privide a link that only lasts only as long as the session.