The( )i+, put forward by Krashen, means input that contains structures slightly above the learner's present level.

What contributions does the Audiolingual Method make to language teaching?

What are the main characteristics of the Oral Approach? And what is the main difference between this Approach and the Direct Method?

How does the Cognitive Approach make up for all the disadvantages of the Audiolingual Method?

What is Chomsky's explanation of the first language process?

What are the objectives of language teaching according to cognitive proponents?

Are structure drills valuable pedagogical activities? Why or why not?

How does the discourse theory explain the second language acquisition process?

What are the disadvantages of the Grammar-Translation Method?

Column A

①the theory of language underlying the grammar-translation method

②the theory of learning underlying the grammar-translation method

③the objective of the grammar-translation method

④ one of the techniques of the grammar-translation method

⑤ Some of the main features of the grammar-translation method

Column B

a. translation

b.the emphasis on the teaching of the second language grammar

c.superiority of the written form. over the spoken form. of the language

d. the faculty psychology

e. enabling the learners to read and translate the literature of the target language

Column A: linguist or psychologist

① ONoam Chomsky

②M. A. k. Halliday

③ Sigmund Freud

④ 4John. Watson

⑤ Leonard Bloomfield

Column B: the theory he advocates

a. American structuralism

b.Transformational generative linguistics

c.Functional linguistics

d. Psychoanalysis

e. Behaviourism