The engineer ______ the watch to

: When the load has a lagging power factor this voltage drop is considerable. This sentence means that _____.

A.with a purely resistance load, the voltage drops too much
B.there is a considerable voltage drop in the capacitive load combined with resistance load
C.when the load is the capacitive load combined with resistance load, the voltage drops to zero
D.when the load is the inductive load combined with resistance load, the voltage drop is fairly large

: 材料：
The field current supply in older machines comes from a lower voltage direct current generator or exciter on the same shaft as the alternator. Modern machines however are either statically excited or of the high-speed brush-less type. The exciter is required to operate to counter the effects of power factor for a given load. The power factor is a measure of the phase difference between voltage and current and is expressed as the cosine of the phase angle. With a purely resistance load the voltage and the current are in phase, giving a power factor of one. The power consumed is therefore the product of voltage and current. Inductive or capacitive loads, combined with resistance loads, produce lagging or leading power factors which have a value less than one.
The power consumed is therefore the product of current, voltage and power factor. The alternating current generator supplying a load has a voltage drop resulting from the load. When the load has a lagging power factor this voltage drop is considerable. Therefore the exciter, in maintaining the alternator voltage, must vary with load current and also the power factor. The speed change of the prime mover must also be taken into account.
问题： The word “machines” in the passage refers to _____.

A.With a purely resistance load, the power factor is zero
B.Inductive loads combined with resistance loads produces leading power factors
C.Capacitive loads combined with resistance loads produces lagging power factors
D.With a purely resistance load, the phase angle is zero

: Who will be responsible for ensuring that a ship maintains a standard at least equivalent to that specified in international conventions?

: 材料：
Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships in national ports for the purpose of verifying that the condition of the ship and its equipment comply with the requirements of international conventions and that the ship is manned and operated in compliance with applicable international laws. The primary responsibility for ensuring that a ship maintains a standard at least equivalent to that specified in international conventions rests with the flag State and if all flag States performed their duties satisfactorily there would be no need for port State control. Unfortunately this is not the case as evidenced by the many marine accidents around the world - hence the need for additional control.
The authority for exercising PSC is the national law based on relevant conventions. It is therefore necessary for a port State to be Party to those conventions and to have promulgated the necessary legislation before exercising PSC.In accordance with the provisions of the applicable conventions, Parties may conduct inspections of foreign ships in their ports through Port State Control Officers (PSCOs).
问题：The purpose of PSC is ______.
① to check and inspect foreign ships
② to verify the condition of a ship in compliance with requirements of international conventions;
③ to make sure that the ship is manned and operated well;
④to detain ships

The engineer ______ the watch to the relieving officer if there is reason to believe that the latter is obviously not capable of carrying out the watch-keeping duties effectively.