根据以下材料，回答下列各题

[A] Some archaeological sites have alwaysbeen easily observable—for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece, the pyramids of Gizain Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sitesare exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located bymeans of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident.Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterflyhunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. Thousands of Aztecartifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the1970s.

[B]In another case, American archaeologistsRene Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entirecity of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. Atits peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements inthe world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornateceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where commonpeople lived.

[C] How do archaeologists know where tofind what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface ofthe ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) largeareas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information.Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding thelarger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.

[D] Surveys can cover a single largesettlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many researchers working aroundthe ancient Maya city of Copan, Honduras, have located hundreds of small ruralvillages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by makingsurveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution anddensity of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD500 and 850, when Copan collapsed.

[E] To find their sites, archaeologiststoday rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety ofhigh-technology tools and techniques. Airborne technologies, such as differenttypes of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft, allowarchaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging. Aerialsurveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features, such asancient buildings or fields.

[F] Most archaeological sites, however, arediscovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them. Such searchescan take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of theEgyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found in other sites.Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kings for seven years before helocated the tomb in 1922. In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir ArthurEvan combed antique dealers’ stores in Athens, Greece. He was searching fortiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominatedGreece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evans’s interpretations of these engravingseventually led him to find the Minoan palace at Knossos (Knossós) on the island of Crete, in 1900.

[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists topinpoint the places where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involvea lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery.They often include a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials atselected points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may locate buriedremains by using such technologies as ground radar, magnetic-field recording,and metal detectors. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and thelandscapes around sites. Two and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools inplanning excavations, illustrating how sites look, and presenting the resultsof archaeological research.

正确答案是_______.

正确翻译为______．

正确翻译为______．

正确翻译为______．

正确翻译为______．

正确答案是_______.

根据以下资料，回答下列各题

Musicmeans different things to different people and sometimes even different thingsto the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic,philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view,have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it ismetaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical:sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysicalmessage through physical means that is the strength of music. (46)It is alsothe reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do isarticulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.

Beethoven’simportance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature ofhis compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions ofharmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break allsigns of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in thelast piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by theweight of convention. (47)By all accounts he was a freethinking person, anda courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for theunderstanding, let alone the performance, of his works.

Thiscourageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers ofBeethoven’s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, forexample in the use of dynamics. (48)Beethoven’s habit of increasing thevolume with an intense crescendo and then abruptly following it with a suddensoft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.

Beethovenwas a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was notinterested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior.and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society. (49)Especiallysignificant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with therights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thoughtand of personal expression.

Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos toorder as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order doesnot result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence;order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greekideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is notthe last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that sufferingdoes not have the last word. (50)One could interpret much of the work ofBeethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight itrenders life worth living.

正确翻译为______．

Write a letter of about 100 words to the president of your university,suggesting how to improve students’physical condition.

Youshould include the details you think necessary.

Youshould write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.

Donot sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.

Donot write the address.(10 points)

Write an essay of 160-200 wordsbased on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

1) describe the drawing briefly,

2) interpret its intended meaning,and

3) give your comments.

You should write neatly on theANSWER SHEET(20 points)

根据以下材料，回答下列各题

[A] Some archaeological sites have alwaysbeen easily observable—for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece, the pyramids of Gizain Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sitesare exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located bymeans of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident.Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterflyhunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. Thousands of Aztecartifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the1970s.

[B]In another case, American archaeologistsRene Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entirecity of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. Atits peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements inthe world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornateceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where commonpeople lived.

[C] How do archaeologists know where tofind what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface ofthe ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) largeareas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information.Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding thelarger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.

[D] Surveys can cover a single largesettlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many researchers working aroundthe ancient Maya city of Copan, Honduras, have located hundreds of small ruralvillages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by makingsurveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution anddensity of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD500 and 850, when Copan collapsed.

[E] To find their sites, archaeologiststoday rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety ofhigh-technology tools and techniques. Airborne technologies, such as differenttypes of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft, allowarchaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging. Aerialsurveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features, such asancient buildings or fields.

[F] Most archaeological sites, however, arediscovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them. Such searchescan take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of theEgyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found in other sites.Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kings for seven years before helocated the tomb in 1922. In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir ArthurEvan combed antique dealers’ stores in Athens, Greece. He was searching fortiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominatedGreece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evans’s interpretations of these engravingseventually led him to find the Minoan palace at Knossos (Knossós) on the island of Crete, in 1900.

[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists topinpoint the places where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involvea lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery.They often include a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials atselected points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may locate buriedremains by using such technologies as ground radar, magnetic-field recording,and metal detectors. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and thelandscapes around sites. Two and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools inplanning excavations, illustrating how sites look, and presenting the resultsof archaeological research.

正确答案是_______.

Which of the following would be the best title for the text?