航海英语(甲类船长)阅读理解专题练习(2)

The author implies that ________．

The person on the bridge or in the pilot house shall be those ________．

SHIPPING is referred ________ in this passage．

材料：

It is not recommended that any person shall be allowed on the bridge or in the pilot house except the pilot and other representative of the canal，and master and such officers and other members of the crew of the vessel as may be necessary for its navigation and control，management，operation and safety． 

Navigational aids are difficult to maintain and are reported to be unreliable in this waters．A considerable amount of shipping uses the canal and，in addition，many local fishing craft with nets may be encountered in the area. Since passage through the canal entails a run of more than 250 miles，long periods of considerable vigilance are necessary in order to maintain safe standards of navigation．

问题：

PILOT HOUSE is referred to ________ in this passage．

The real reason that caused the hydraulic steering system to fail was that ________．

The time that the thruster drive unit failed was ________ hrs．

When the hydraulic steering system failed，________．

材料：

According to the passage，________．

It can be concluded that ________．

材料：

With the engines on stand-by，orders were given to cut the remaining forward lines at 0755 hours，the starboard engine was put on“slow astern”and the helm to“hard a starboard”．When the forward lines were cut，the bow was blown off and swung away from the quay under the influence of the wind and，combined with the effect of the engine going astern on the after spring，canted the bow to port，until a heading of North was reached with the vessel's stern approximately 15 meters off the dock face． 

The engines were put to half astern at 0810 hours and with the bow continuing to swing to port，the after back-spring parted with the stern about 20 meters clear of the wharf．Orders were given to cut the remaining 5 stern lines．This was accomplished by 0818 hours，at which time the end of the pier was abeam of the bridge and the vessel was heading in a NW-ly direction．Both engines were placed to full astern with the shaft turning 80-90 revolutions．As the UNISOL was unable to gain sternway and with high seas at the end of the breakwater，the Pilot feared that the vessel's starboard quarter was in danger of striking the breakwater．

Hence the engines were stopped at 0827 hours，and orders were given to“let go port anchor to 2 shackles in the water”，but about 4 shackles ran out before the brake could be fully applieD、At 0828 hours，orders were given to shorten up on the anchor cable，the telegraph put on full ahead and the helm to hard to port． When the engines responded at 0829 hours，the anchor chain was seen to be stretched out on the port beam with a great deal of weight on it and the ship's head was 220° gyro with the vessel swinging to port． 

The anchor was hove short to 2 shackles in the water by 0835 hours，and the vessel continued to drift westwards with 80-90（full ahead）revolutions on the engine．At this stage，orders were given to pay out the cable，which was paid out to 5 shackles in the water by 0838 hours，but that too failed to arrest the westward drift of the vessel． 

问题：

The wind was probably blowing from ________．

The vessel had ________．

If a handwritten wording on the face of B/L is in conflict with one of its printed clause，________．

If there is no deck stowage statement on the face of B/L，it is implied that ________．

The deck carriage is justifiable only when ________．

材料：

In a bill of lading there might be a clause known as general liberty to carry on deck clause which reads“Carrier has liberty to carry GOODs on deck”．This clause frequently gives the carrier the option of stowing the cargo either on or under deck，while also exempting the carrier from all liability for loss of or damage to cargo stowed on deck． 

This report is most likely prepared by ________．

The reason that the violent motion of the vessel ceased was that ________．

The crew were taken off the vessel by ________．

材料:

Of the following，________ in the cargo shipped on board his vessel should be considered as a thing that will give rise to estoppel on the part of the carrier．

It is concluded that on issuing a clean bill of lading，the carrier ________．

材料：

When a clean bill of lading has been issued，estoppel arises or，in other words，the carrier is prevented from proving，as against a third party relying on the clean bill of lading，that there was any thing wrong．In the case of inherent vice，however，which is a natural defect in the thing shipped，the carrier is not estopped by his clean bill of lading，because a clean bill of lading，in stating that a certain cargo is on board，gives sufficient notice that this cargo，in the natural course of events，may have certain qualities or defects which all similar cargo normally has．For example，a cargo of flour will shrink slightly，and this fact does not have to be noted on the face of the bill of lading． 

Similarly，where cargo is unfit to withstand the ordinary incidents of the contractual voyage contemplated by the parties，owing to some inherent vice or hidden defect presented within it，the carrier is not estopped by the clean bill of lading from asserting the inherent defect exception，provided that the damage has not been aggravated by any conduct of the carrier or those for whom he is responsible． 

The carrier issuing a clean bill of lading is only bound by his statements as to the outward condition of the cargo and is therefore not estopped from proving inherent vice or hidden defect when that vice or defect was not apparent at the time of shipment．In other words，a clean bill of lading does not necessarily fulfill the shipper's burden of proof in respect to inherent vice or hidden defect． 

问题：

The slight shrinkage of flour is ________．

The carrier issuing a clean bill of lading will only be bound by ________．

Of the following，it is ________ that prevented the submerged worker from hauling himself clear when the bulkhead collapsed．

It is concluded that the depth of ballast water in No.4 Hold ________ before the bulkhead was collapsed．

Which of the following is not mentioned as the measures taken for anti-piracy ___________．

材料：

Early on 5 November 1996，the 140，086 tonnes deadweight Malaysian flag bulk carrier Giga 2 was nearing completion of discharge of a cargo of iron ore at No.2 discharge berth，Port KemblA、Due to the vessel's light condition，the unloader could not be positioned over No.1 hold，to remove the 1080 tonnes of cargo remaining in that particular hold．At the suggestion of the shift supervisor，ballast was pumped into No.4 hold，which was permissible under the vessel's operations manual．Pumping of ballast into No.4 hold commenced at 0530． 

No.4 hold into which ballast water was pumped was a ________．

Which of the following is correct according to the passage ___________．

Without clearly defined and rigorously practiced procedures，the risk of an uncoordinated response during the inevitable confusion of an attack increases the danger faced by those on board the ship．

材料:

Ships entering piracy risk areas must be aware of the risk of attack and should take appropriate measures to increase the level of surveillance（监督）and security on board and devise means of responding to attacks．A clear and comprehensive Ship Security Plan and the training of crews in security measures and response techniques are essential．Without clearly defined and rigorously practiced procedures，the risk of an uncoordinated response during the inevitable confusion of an attack increases the danger faced by those on board the ship．While a Ship Security Plan and crew training may not prevent an attack they should help reduce the risks if an attack takes place．