甲类船长(航海英语)阅读理解专项练习1

and（c）In any case the draught at the after perpendicular shall not be less than that which is necessary to obtain full immersion of the propeller． 
In no case shall ballast water be carried in cargo tanks，except on those rare voyages when weather conditions are so severe that，in the opinion of the master，it is necessary to carry additional ballast water in cargo tanks for the safety of the ship，or，in
According to this passage，it is inferred that ________．
A.the crude oil is more pollutive than the product
B.the crude oil is less pollutive than the product
C.the crude oil and the product are equally pollutive
D.it can not tell whether the crude oil or the product is more pollutive

A.against the mandatory nature and public order of the Hague/Visby Rules and the Hamburg Rules
B.ineffectively non-responsibility clauses
C.prepared by the courts of continental and civilian European countries
D.guidance for the operations of loading，discharging and trimming of the cargo

A.the tendency of the courts of continental and civilian European countries to deny the attempts by charterers to avoid their liability in the carriage of GOODs by sea
B.the consideration of the courts of continental and civilian European countries to accept the charterers' liability
C.the consideration of of the charterers to evade the mandatory application of the international conventions
D.the illegal attempts by charterers to avoid their liability and evade the mandatory application of the international conventions

12: 材料：
By inserting in bills of lading such clauses as to state that the voyage or time charterer is not a party to the contract of carriage and is thus not a“carrier” within the meaning of the relevant national legislation or international conventions，time and voyage charterers purport to deny any liability under the contract of carriage，despite the reality of their involvement in the loading，discharging and trimming of the cargo，in choosing the ship's route，in hiring the stevedores，and in many other facets of the ship's operation．
Such clauses are effectively non-responsibility clauses which contravene the mandatory nature and public order of the Hague/Visby Rules，the Hamburg Rules，which state that any clauses relieving or excluding the carrier from liability under a contract of carriage shall be null and void and of no effect．This position has been generally accepted by the courts of continental and civilian European countries，which have rightly viewed such clauses with suspicion as illegal attempts by charterers to avoid their liability and evade the mandatory application of the international conventions．
问题：
The inserted clauses that state the voyage or time charterer is not a party to the contract of carriage are ________．

14: Should she have not been on fire，Pride of Le Havre would have re-entered the service on ________．

15: The using of the Halon total flooding extinguishing system was initially suggested by ________．

16: 材料：
Pride of Le Havre is a 33，336 gross tonnage passenger/ro-ro cargo vessel operating a regular ferry service between Portsmouth and Le Havre．The vessel is fitted with bow and stern doors and is capable of carrying 590 cars and 1600 passengers．Propulsion is by four diesel engines driving through two controllable pitch propellers．Two transverse thrust units are fitted forward.
The vessel had sailed from A&P's King George V dry dock，Southampton，just after midnight on Thursday 18 March，for engine trials．The intention was that after these trials，Pride of Le Havre would berth at Portsmouth，and re-enter service later that day．
Shortly after passing the Nab Tower，the bridge fire alarm activated at 0425，indicating a fire in the machinery spaces．At about the same time，a motorman reported to the engineer watchkeeper that a fire had broken out on the starboard thermal oil pump．While initial attempts were being made to put the fire out using portable extinguishers，the chief engineer was called and the bridge informed of the situation．On confirming that the initial attempt had failed，the chief engineer advised the bridge that he proposed to use the Halon total flooding extinguishing system．The general alarm was sounded and the main engines stopped. The engine room was evacuated and sealed，with Halon being released at 0437．The coastguard and owners were told of the situation with a message being broadcast to local shipping．

A fire brigade team boarded at 0641 with re-entry to machinery space at 0958．Funnel vents were re-opened at 1030 with a fire extinguishing foam blanket laid down in the main machinery space．Ventilation of the engine room started at 1210 with full electric
A.4 transverse thrust units，2 propellers，2 engines and 2 vehicle doors
B.2 transverse thrust units，2 propellers，2 engines and 1 vehicle door
C.2 transverse thrust units，1 propeller，2 engines and 2 vehicle doors
D.2 transverse thrust units，2 propellers，4 engines and 2 vehicle doors